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2012年6月29日 星期五

[轉載]為贊助憂 為發展愁 -- 羽超俱樂部生存狀況掃描


李宗偉參加2011年中國羽超聯賽恒大廣州奧羽隊, 隊中還有盧蘭(右四).

 新華網北京 6月27日體育專電[記者 姬燁] 羽毛球在中國有著深厚的土壤, 中國羽毛球隊也在世界大賽中風光無限, 以此為依託的中國羽毛球俱樂部超級聯賽, 有理由成為世界上最精彩、最多觀眾、最高水準、最掙錢的羽毛球職業聯賽。

 然而現實情況遠非如此。在目前的羽超聯賽中, 有的俱樂部因為沒有贊助連最基本的生存問題都難保證, 甚至不得不靠“甩賣”優秀隊員來勉強維持; 有的雖然“衣食無憂”, 但距離穩定發展卻還相距甚遠。而且羽超普遍存在著一種不同於中超、CBA等職業聯賽的現象:許多俱樂部仍然依託省市體育局,教 練員、運動員歸體育局所有。

 這其間是否存在著互為因果的關係,又或是更多因素的糾纏造成了現實的尷尬?


贊助缺失 無錢為繼

 新賽季羽超由 8隊擴軍至12隊, 這其中, 不論勁旅還是升班馬, 有許多還處在“求生”階段。

 北京冠羽俱樂部教練田俊甯跟記者苦笑著說:“冠羽的名字是我們自己起的, 不是贊助商的名字。”據田教練介紹, 北京隊自從去年打羽甲聯賽以來就沒有贊助, 隊員們也從俱樂部拿不到薪水, 但靠著專業運動員並不太多的津貼, 他們硬是拿下了去年的羽甲冠軍。

 在與去年羽超末位球隊展開的升降級賽中, 北京隊遺憾落敗。好在今年羽超擴軍, 又令北京隊獲得參賽機會。升入羽超原本是件高興的事, 但田俊寧卻開始為錢發愁。他說, 羽超和羽甲不同, 由賽會制改為了主客場制, 而客場的差旅費至少要20萬, 這對於沒有贊助的北京隊來說算是大數目了。

 為了湊齊這20萬, 北京隊只得忍痛割愛, 把隊中的國家隊混雙名將張楠和男單選手杜鵬宇轉給其他隊。田俊寧說, 按照聯賽的相關規定, 就算張楠和杜鵬宇這樣的國手,轉會費也不會太高,大約在10至15萬之間, 但這足以解燃眉之急。他同時坦言, 由於羽超對高級別選手有最低工資限制, 北京隊也無力支付國手們幾十萬的年薪。

 沒有錢, 北京隊甚至還要“背井離鄉”, 掛著北京隊的名, 主場卻搬到了安徽淮北。“這是因為對方能夠提供一定的食宿及路費資助, ”田俊寧說。

 自從董炯退役之後, 北京羽毛球一直沒有太大起色。這次放走了張楠和杜鵬宇兩名大將, 新賽季球隊在羽超的戰績可想而知。沒錢、條件差, 為何還要繼續征戰羽超?田俊寧說,現在隊裏的小孩如果不參加聯賽的話, 那麼 7到12月在國內就幾乎沒有其他賽事了, 這對於備戰全運會以及培養新人很不利, 所以北京隊硬著頭皮也要打羽超。

 與北京隊一樣忍痛割愛的還有羽超聯賽強隊湖南湘羽俱樂部。在羽超球員交流大會中, 該隊的女雙新星包宜鑫和前國手鄭波相繼被“變賣”。湖南省是羽毛球大省, 不僅培養出龔智超這樣的奧運冠軍, 還有龔睿那、鮑春來等多名世界冠軍。但流失了這兩名隊員, 對於他們依舊是一大損失。

 湖南省羽毛球運動管理中心主任唐輝無奈地表示, 由於俱樂部到現在還沒有拉到贊助, 將兩名優秀運動員掛牌, 一來是“給球隊換些費用”, 同時給運動員找一條出路, 畢竟, 湖南隊在雙打項目上人手還比較富餘。

 據唐輝介紹, 在羽超中維持一支球隊的正常運行需要至少400萬。新賽季如果湖南隊拉不到贊助, 光靠體育局的撥款難以為繼。上賽季, 湖南隊奪得聯賽第二名, 而他們的幾乎每個主場都爆滿。

 “如果真找不到(贊助), 體育局會盡力去支持, 但也不排除整體變賣運動員或把主場遷到外地去的可能。這樣, 湖南就沒有自己的羽毛球隊了, 球迷也沒球可看了,”唐輝說。


印尼名將陶菲克去年代表廣州恒大奧羽隊跟代表湖南湘財証券羽球隊的鮑春來在賽後握手

名將悖論 “恒大模式”

 北京隊和湖南隊正在為沒贊助而發愁, 但有了贊助的俱樂部同樣面臨諸多問題。

 廣東歐派俱樂部是新賽季的升班馬, 他們的頭牌是一位男雙國手名將。據該隊教練伍佰強介紹, 僅僅這位明星球員一個賽季的出場費和薪水就有約100萬, 而俱樂部獲得的贊助費一共只有300萬。

 維繫一支羽超球隊的基本費用主要包括球員的出場費、薪金、差旅費以及場地費等。“我們今年原本想再引進一些優秀隊員, 但由於資金限制, 只能放棄了,” 伍佰強說。

 另外一支來自廣東的球隊廣州粵羽俱樂部在去年曾與恒大牽手。上賽季他們開創了引入優秀外援的先河, 李宗偉、陶菲克等相繼加盟, 讓該隊一時成為羽超焦點。不過在喧鬧過後, 他們最終僅僅排在第五。

 在中超和女排聯賽中大獲成功的“恒大模式”, 在羽超並未奏效。“恒大模式”注重球員的品質, 但羽超聯賽規定, 每隊只能擁有兩名A級球員 -- 即世錦賽、奧運會冠軍, 由此看“恒大模式”在羽超中並無施展餘地。

 廣州市羽毛球協會副主席祁田夫直言, 在恒大注入資金之後, 全隊上下一度備受鼓舞。但恒大卻突然宣佈將500萬贊助縮水至300萬, 這盆冷水打亂了引援計畫。此外, 恒大對於羽毛球也沒有像對足球這樣“上心”, “他們沒有派出專門的人經營俱樂部, 大部分時間依舊由羽協的人來管,而羽協還有許多其他的日常工作, 感覺力不從心”。

 新賽季廣州粵羽俱樂部終止了與恒大的合作, 一家廣東惠州的公司成為了他們新的贊助商。在羽超, 像廣州隊這樣頻繁更換贊助商的十分普遍。


“偽職業”作繭自縛

 羽超聯賽剛剛邁向第三個年頭, 贊助商還有許多不職業的地方。祁田夫指出, 目前很多贊助商只是希望通過球隊來賣廣告、搞宣傳, 賽季開始前投入些錢, 此後就很少派專業人士運營俱樂部。而地方羽協的人負責俱樂部的日常維護, 既不成熟也不職業。

 央視不轉播和所謂的國字型大小條款, 也讓俱樂部很難滿足贊助商的要求。在羽超的頭兩個賽季, 央視一直沒有對比賽進行轉播, 只有廣東衛視和地方台分時段轉播。唐輝表示, 沒有央視這個全國範圍的電視平臺, 俱樂部很難更好地回報贊助商。

 所謂國字型大小條款, 即國家隊隊員在聯賽期間仍須使用國家隊贊助商裝備。而放眼各家俱樂部, 主力球員許多是清一色的國字型大小。不少體育器材公司直接被該條款“嚇跑”。此外, 在聯賽擴軍之後, 贊助商的選擇餘地更大了, 俱樂部想要找到優質的贊助商更難了。

 一邊是俱樂部抱怨贊助商出錢不出力, 一邊是贊助商感覺投入不值當。在羽超的起步階段, 這一矛盾似乎還要繼續下去。

 乒羽中心一位主要官員曾表示, 辦聯賽是為了服務奧運爭光計畫, 同時給基層專業隊更大生存空間。換句話說, 羽超俱樂部只是披上職業外衣的專業隊。從胚胎開始, 羽超其實已與“職業”分道而行。在當今體壇職業聯賽的大趨勢下, 沒有專業的包裝和經營團隊, 這種“偽職業”勢必讓俱樂部面臨種種問題。

 新聞網址: http://news.xinhuanet.com/sports/2012-06/27/c_123338296.htm

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家徒四壁, 唯好讀書!

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